women in math and science
Posted: May 22nd, 2006, 6:06 pm
i never really thought much about the issue of women in math and science until recently. my gender never seemed to play a role in my academic interests, and i honestly thought it was kind of silly to make a big deal about it. however, as a result of a few incidents at school and a few articles i have read the topic has been on my mind a lot lately. among students entering phd programs in math and science it is about 50% men and 50% women, but if you look at tenured faculty members it's about 90% men and 10% women. what is happening to make women lose interest in pursuing careers in the sciences?
i think that a primary cause of attrition is family life. some women quit work after getting married and/or having children because they want to focus on family life. i also think that even those women that wish to continue in academics find it difficult - the tenure system requires that the most fertile years of a woman's life are spent killing herself to prove her mettle, and should she fail she will lose her job. this is different from many other professions in that there is a tenure clock - 7 years after hiring an individual (actual number varies by institution) a committee looks at everything he/she has completed and decides whether to grant guaranteed job security or to fire the individual. there is no middle ground.
in a recent issue of science they had an article about MIT's female faculty members in physical and life sciences. although the university has been making a concerted effort for the past 7 years to increase the percentage of women in these departments, the numbers have stayed the same or declined. several women were interviewed and they all said that they felt very isolated in their departments. the men left them out of important decisions, and all seemed to team up together. the women had less research space than their male counterparts, regardless of their grant monies. those few women who do manage to beat the tenure system find that their rewards pale in comparison to those of their male counterparts. (and often women have to give up having children to get tenure, men do not have to make this decision).
these are two huge hurdles, but i wonder what else factors into this trend. i think there may be some biology behind it. the female and male brains are different . . . maybe in ways that make women less likely to be interested in or good at math/science.
my pet hypotheses relate to why women hold fewer positions of power in general, not just in math and science. the first being that the personality traits required for success in a competitive field are considered unladylike. i have heard my colleagues deride our female professors for being overly aggressive or for using their sexuality to get ahead while they have no problem with it coming from a male. women get punished for success. the other new idea i had was about the effects of menstruation and hormonal birth control. it certainly messes with your brain and body in a big way. interestly, i am extremely reluctant to make this argument because i feel like it makes women seem weak to make excuses for their behavior. i know that my logic is wrong in the same way it is wrong to suggest that alcoholism is something you can just "get over" if you try hard enough, but it is still hard to accept that my reproductive biology can control me the way it does.
so, these are my extremely biased thoughts. i'd be interested to hear what other people have to say about the subject (especially the men!).
i think that a primary cause of attrition is family life. some women quit work after getting married and/or having children because they want to focus on family life. i also think that even those women that wish to continue in academics find it difficult - the tenure system requires that the most fertile years of a woman's life are spent killing herself to prove her mettle, and should she fail she will lose her job. this is different from many other professions in that there is a tenure clock - 7 years after hiring an individual (actual number varies by institution) a committee looks at everything he/she has completed and decides whether to grant guaranteed job security or to fire the individual. there is no middle ground.
in a recent issue of science they had an article about MIT's female faculty members in physical and life sciences. although the university has been making a concerted effort for the past 7 years to increase the percentage of women in these departments, the numbers have stayed the same or declined. several women were interviewed and they all said that they felt very isolated in their departments. the men left them out of important decisions, and all seemed to team up together. the women had less research space than their male counterparts, regardless of their grant monies. those few women who do manage to beat the tenure system find that their rewards pale in comparison to those of their male counterparts. (and often women have to give up having children to get tenure, men do not have to make this decision).
these are two huge hurdles, but i wonder what else factors into this trend. i think there may be some biology behind it. the female and male brains are different . . . maybe in ways that make women less likely to be interested in or good at math/science.
my pet hypotheses relate to why women hold fewer positions of power in general, not just in math and science. the first being that the personality traits required for success in a competitive field are considered unladylike. i have heard my colleagues deride our female professors for being overly aggressive or for using their sexuality to get ahead while they have no problem with it coming from a male. women get punished for success. the other new idea i had was about the effects of menstruation and hormonal birth control. it certainly messes with your brain and body in a big way. interestly, i am extremely reluctant to make this argument because i feel like it makes women seem weak to make excuses for their behavior. i know that my logic is wrong in the same way it is wrong to suggest that alcoholism is something you can just "get over" if you try hard enough, but it is still hard to accept that my reproductive biology can control me the way it does.
so, these are my extremely biased thoughts. i'd be interested to hear what other people have to say about the subject (especially the men!).