KathyRose wrote:Herein lies the crux of the matter... how do you know what is "right?" I agree that belief in a God (or Gods) is not essential to knowing what's right. I wouldn't, however, credit the knowing to human "intelligence" and "self-awareness."
Awareness extends beyond Self. That Greater Awareness enables you to feel empathy, love, trust and compassion. Religions attribute this greater awareness to God. I prefer to think of it as the Tao, which - by its nature - cannot be precisely defined, and yet can be sensed.
So you credit Awareness, Greater Awareness and the Tao for these behaviors? The Tao, as you describe it, has a circular definition which means it can't be refuted. It cannot be precisely defined, but can be sensed. Sensed how? It's not visual, auditory, touch, tase, or smell it. So it's attributed to a sixth sense?
From what I understand about the human brain, it developed resources to handle different functions. These various functions have combined, unknowingly, to create many of the non-sensory and mystic experiences that humans have. I 'feel' like my mind is separate from my body, but there's no evidence to support this feeling. There is evidence to support
why I 'feel' this way. So I put my 'feeling' aside in favor of the facts.
KathyRose wrote:That, I posit, is how you "know" what is right. In your gut.
Higher primates show rudimentary social behaviors that include judgment of 'right' and 'wrong'; essentially, actions that are detrimental to the group. These judgments are then encouraged for 'right' behavior and punished for 'wrong'. That's why we know what is right. It's hard-wired into our brains. That doesn't prevent us from doing 'wrong', but it explains why we often feel strange or bad for breaking basic 'rules' of humanity.
KathyRose wrote:Is that a "supernatural" phenomenon? No more so than gravity, which also existed before Newton defined its laws scientifically.
As you describe it, it is supernatural as it doesn't conform to any basic rules or laws. It is scientific not because it's unknowable but because the behavior actually IS knowable and much is known already. It's quantifiable, testable, and supported by evidence. Aberrations are also accounted for by individual brain functioning. You describe this vague non-supernatural but unknowable force in the universe that guides our actions. If it's unknowable, then how can you 'know' it's there? That's subjective and open to bias.
Gravity isn't the same thing as 'knowing' something without proof. We had evidence of gravity and it's behaviors before it was mathematically defined. It worked because it worked. People 'knew' about gravity but didn't really think about it in scientific terms. There is no evidence for this non-supernatural but ethereal guiding moral force you speak of. It's not testable or provable; it must be supernatural in origin because there is no evidence like there was with gravity. This force requres faith instead of with reason.
KathyRose wrote:I don't believe in God as a supernatural entity, an anthropomorphic diety, the Creator, the Punisher, the Man with the Plan, the fathomless wishing well in the sky. But I know without a doubt that there are forces at play in the universe that we may never comprehend or even consciously detect, and I'm okay with that. I find the mystery of it exciting and wondrous, and I'm filled with delight that there is much more to our existence (and beyond it) than what we can ever hope to understand.
I agree with you in spirit here, but you're nearing religious praise of these unknowable forces. We do have evidence and theories about human behavior, about why we act the way we do, and none of the volumes include any evidence of non-biological influences. To go back to gravity as an example; it was an unknown force that pulled on us and kept us on the ground. That 'force' was later defined by physics. These 'unknowable' forces still must conform to physical laws. All evidence of human biology conforms to physical principles that we
do currently understand. The brain is still a mystery in a lot of ways, but we haven't found a node or segment or section that doesn't conform to what we do understand about the physical world we exist in. The brain doesn't break any rules. The mysteries are more of 'why' than 'how'.
KathyRose wrote:As for using "intelligence" to determine what is right... fat chance! Humans are far too clever at rationalizing whatever they want to do. That's human nature.
When a lion kills a rivals cubs so that he can then impregnate the females of the pride, we think that's pretty awful, but we understand it's part of their nature. If a person does something like that, we, as a group, understand it's horrific and deserves punishment. We use our collective intelligence to create, agree, and enforce that punishment. That individual who does the awful act is not using his intelligence for anything outside of rationalization.
You can also get large groups of people to do awful things. I would say that those things happen by bypassing the intelligent part of the brain and going to the emotions or base desires. The intelligence then rationalizes the behavior so the individual can survive the guilt.
Where I believe intelligence DOES assist in guiding what's right and wrong is in two parts; the individual and the community. The individual can use his intellegence to override base, destructive desires. The community uses it's collective intelligence to communicate, agree on, create and enforce a system of reward for those who use their individual intelligence and punish those who do not conform to that system. If only it was that simple...